Jerry 发表于 2009-1-17 11:04:42

练习音阶的重要性

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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为什么要做音阶练习？</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">大多数音阶，左右手<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>个手指都用的上，练习音阶可以训练手指平衡能力。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">音阶练习可以熟悉指板音位，全部音阶由<SPAN lang=EN-US>24</SPAN>个大小调式组成，而我们接触最多的欧洲音乐，几乎全部属于这些调式，熟悉了音阶，也就大体上熟悉了这些调式。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">实际上音乐就是由完全或不完全的音阶组成的，尤其是旋律声部。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">音阶看似简单，其实严格要求均匀、快速、颗粒感的话，是很难作好的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在音阶练习中加入不同的节奏、重音、并力度，并使用所有能够想象的到的右指组合，（我要求学生使用<SPAN lang=EN-US>im</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>ia</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>ma</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>pi</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>pm</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>pa</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>ich</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>mch</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>ach</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>ami</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>ima</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>mia</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>mai</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>pima</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>pami</SPAN>等等凡能够想的到的组合来练习，有的组合可能缺乏实用性，比如<SPAN lang=EN-US>ch</SPAN>指加入的组合，但对训练右指作用极大）会发现音阶练习真的很博大。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">音阶练习对左右手协调能力训练作用极大。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">我个人的感觉，经过训练<SPAN lang=EN-US>ch</SPAN>指后，<SPAN lang=EN-US>a</SPAN>指难以控制自如的难题似乎迎刃而解。其实练习手指无非是练习大脑对手指的控制能力，手指、耳朵接受并反馈信息，经神经传输，大脑分析判断、发出指令，神经再传输回去。控制能力的训练是全面的，我以为不应当因为<SPAN lang=EN-US>ch</SPAN>指用的少就不练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">音阶练习常见的缺点：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">做不连贯，象弹顿音。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">颗粒感差，含混不清。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">音色、力度不匀、缺乏统一性。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">右指各指没有独立的拨弦动作，有时是一个手指带出了另一个手指。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">左手指移动时多余动作过多。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">只强调速度，忽视声音质量。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">7.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在四五六弦左指不能作到直起直落，杂音太多。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">8.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">缺乏音乐性，表情干巴麻木。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">音阶练习的基本要领：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">手指垂直起落，抬起时的高度不可过高，以一厘米左右为宜。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为了连贯，下一指按实前，前一指不能抬起。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">左手始终保持恰当的弧度，不能因为换弦而动作走形。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">左指尽量垂直与指板，以指尖按弦，<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">发力以按实琴弦为准，不能太大。左指动作要连贯、柔和、自然。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">速度不能求快，应以能够清晰、连贯、均匀地演奏为准，逐步提高。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">7.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">高把位注意声音控制，不能“虚”，右指适当加力。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">8.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">最低音和最高音最好强调一下。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">9.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">右手各指一定要独立完成每个拨弦动作，不能“顺势”带过去，注意想邻的音音色要统一，力度也要统一。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 22pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">10.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">最好加上不同的节拍、力度练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>

飞鸿过海 发表于 2011-11-16 17:53:55

站长，学习下，沙发aizhitan_43
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